SPECIAL EDITION

Volume IV No.14                        Nicholas Scrolls                         April 2009

The Land where GOD walked as a Man

Part Eight

 

 

Greetings brethren, friends and neighbors,

 

I once again bid each of you shalom – to you and all you’re household. This is the last leg of our tour in my Special Edition series of the Nicholas Scrolls detailing my pilgrimage to the Holy Land. In part seven we ventured out into Jerusalem for our first full day of touring the “City of Prophets and we marveled at the sharp contrasts between the new and old and the immense crowds of tourists that make their pilgrimage to Israel each year. We learned that Jerusalem actually sits between ridges and valleys that form the letter, “shin” which in Hebrew signifies the Name of God. We spent time on the Mount of Olives and walked through Gethsemane and visited the House of Caiaphas and the Upper Room, places where Jesus spent his final days before His trial and crucifixion.

 

The Burnt House of Kathros

 

Our second full day in Jerusalem would have us going back to the Old City to visit more significant sites in the upper part of the city which is the Jewish quarter. A visit to the Temple Institute today would be among the highlights but first we were scheduled to see a recently discovered ruin called “The Burnt House of Kathros.” Located between the Temple Institute and the Wohl Museum of Archeology, this part of the Jewish quarter is also called the Herodian quarter.

 

As it usually happens, the excavation of a site marked for new construction in the Upper City of Jerusalem revealed some charred remnants of a house structure. Before new construction could proceed, archeologists were allowed to carefully investigate in 1970 and what they soon realized is that they were peering back into a time when the Second Temple was destroyed in 70 AD. The charred remains soon provided further evidence of this claim and became a painful reminder of Jewish history. Among the building stones which were blackened by soot were burnt utensils, charred wooden rafters and blackened walls. It soon became clear to archeologists that this was a domicile burned down by Roman Legionnaires. When the roof of this house had collapsed in the fire, it basically trapped and preserved everything left behind giving scientists and scholars a picture into the past. This was an extraordinary discovery led by Professor Nachman Avigad exactly 1900 years after the house’s destruction. Though I have always maintained a high interest in archeology since my college days, I do not recall this discovery making headline news in 1970 but the professor indicates it was important enough to capture the attention of international media. Professor Avigad writes, “On that day I was somewhat excited” and the excitement over this discovery was contagious as word spread of its historical significance attracting even the international media.

 

As we entered the museum facility we were led past darkened rooms where the Kathros house stood and were seated to a viewing area. We first were treated to an audio-visual presentation. The short film gives a probable depiction of the family and what might have happened during the days of the Temple’s destruction. Some of what was presented was based on references made to the Kathros family in the Talmud and by the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus who recorded much of Israel’s tragic history 37-100 AD. After the film presentation, the different rooms of the house lit up as the narrative continued showing all of us where certain artifacts were discovered and giving possible explanation of the Kathros family’s demise.

 

At the time of the Second Temple period the present day Jewish quarter was referred to as the Upper City because its location sat higher than the Temple Mount. The Temple would have been easily viewed from domiciles like this one in the 1st century AD. The Upper City is surrounded by slopes on all sides which helped it to survive the Roman siege for an additional month longer than the Temple’s demise. History records that it was on the eighth day of the month of Elul in 70 AD when the upper city was finally taken and conquered by Roman Legionnaires.

 

Based on archeological evidence found at this site and others the Herodian sector of the city was largely affluent being mostly populated by Cohanim priests who were among the aristocracy and worked in the Temple. These were among the very hypocrites that Jesus so passionately rebuked as they largely served themselves while ignoring the needs of Jews who were less fortunate than themselves. Their self serving affluent lifestyle also made them a target of contention from the common masses as they considered them to be corrupt living a life of Roman leisure. This Herodian quarter has produced a number of lavishly decorated mosaic floors and ornate ritual stone baths and instruments indicating a life of aristocratic pomp and pleasure. The same lavish architecture and designs are evident in the domicile belonging to the Kathros family. The presence of the many ritual baths and stone vessels used for purification found in the excavations more than suggest these were used and occupied by Jewish priests enjoying a life of comfort.

 

The sector below the Upper City is known as the Lower City which extended the lower slopes down towards the City of David and south of the Temple Mount. Here is where the poor people dwelt. Many of the poor living in this sector of the city served the more elite classes of Jewish people living in the Upper portion. A fictional maidservant by the name of Miriam was used in the film presentation to tell the story of the Kathros family Being poor, Miriam lived in the Lower City. Many aspects of this Jewish aristocracy are what later became adopted in other cultures which became known as a “class system” which has its relationship to modern socialism. For those among us who fail to learn the lessons of man’s history, they shall be the same who will inevitably repeat history’s mistakes thereby reaping the same outcome as their human ancestors. History should have taught us by now that there is no joy in living well at the expense of others who come from a lesser economic background. The fate of Jerusalem’s destruction most certainly is evidence that when God becomes displeased with his children, He historically chastens them severely, delivering them into the hands of their enemies in the hopes that they might be humbled and repent of their rebellious nature.

“Woe is me because of the House of Kathros; woe is me because of their [poison] pens… For they are the High Priests and their sons are treasurers and their sons-in-law are trustees and their servants beat the people with staves.” (Talmud Bavli, Pesachim 57, I)

 

The meaning of the name Kathros in Greek is “oak tree” or also “lyre” as in a musical instrument. The Kathros family is from one of four aristocratic lineages of Jewish priests who abused their power and status giving members of their own family positions of importance in the Temple. Today, we call that nepotism; another form of partiality or favoritism that Jesus was not fond of. It is no wonder then that this family might have suffered horribly during the Roman assault on Jerusalem. Among the artifacts discovered in the charred ruins was the forearm and hand of a woman leaning on the walls of the house. The rest of her body was not found, what could have happened? A rusty Roman spear was also found among the artifacts. The spear might have belonged to a Roman soldier who broke into the house to pillage and destroy it but it might also have been used by one of the house’s occupants to defend themselves against the Roman invaders. It would not have traditionally been the case for such weapons to be held by Jewish Priests however, according to Josephus’ accounts of the Jewish Wars; many did take up arms as a defensive measure to protect themselves against enemies including Josephus who was also a notable Jewish Priest.  

 

Think what it must have been like if you were a witness to the prolonged Roman assault on your city, looking out your window at the burning Temple hearing frightening screams long into the night as the Romans made their advance, raping, burning and pillaging. A whole month would have passed and your food and provisions would have depleted as famine and epidemics were added to the suffering masses enduring the siege. If you survived long enough you would have likely been killed by Roman sword or worse, taken captive. Women were subject to rape as often is the case in brutal warfare. Josephus Flavius reported 110,000 casualties and 97,000 captives were taken during the Jerusalem assault. The ancient Rabbi’s had their own perspective on the cause of this harsh judgment against them.

 

“… The Second Temple period, whence Torah was studied, its commandments observed and acts of loving kindness were performed – why was it destroyed? Because of unwarranted hatred which is as bad as idol worship, incest and murder...” (Talmud Bavli, Yoma 9, 2)

 

Underneath the house of Kathros was a tunnel that was part of an underground drainage system networked throughout the Upper City. It is likely that this tunnel served the Kathros family for a time in traveling about in safety, passing along communiqués and hiding. Josephus also made mention of this network of tunnels; “The rebels…escaped… one by one they disappeared into the tunnels… the Romans were puzzled because they could not find their enemies… they burnt the houses with all who had taken refuge within…” (The Jewish Wars 5, 6, 8) 

 

Though the original residence was complete with a paved courtyard, five rooms, a kitchen area and ritual bath, only the basement of the home survived. Within the basement a great many other artifacts were discovered among which were stone vessels and related ritual utensils. Because of purity laws, stone vessels would have been used by priests rather than ceramic because stone does not acquire the impurities that earthenware jars do. A great number of stone tablets, jars and dishes were discovered here and in other sites within the Herodian quarter. Among them was a curious looking stone with an engraving on it. The stone was likely a small grinding stone used for foods, spices or perhaps incense. The engraving reads, “[of] Bar Kathros” meaning, “of the son of Kathros.” It was ultimately this find that led archeologists to surmise that this was the dwelling place for the infamous Kathros family.

 

Treasures of the Temple

 

A short distance away was the Temple Institute. Here, we were treated to a history of the last two Temples and also learned more of the prophesied Third Temple which has yet to be built. The Temple instruments on display here at the institute are not antiquities but infact are recent re-creations of real instruments that are destined to be used in the Third Temple.

 

Among them were several silver trumpets, two beautiful harps and a nicely crafted lyre made of olive wood, all behind locked glass cases. Most impressive was the amount of gold used to fashion the show-bread racks, wine and water vases and other instruments on display at the Institute. Some of the implements were crafted in fine woods and then overlaid by solid gold while other parts were made of steel for strength and then overlaid with gold. The more ornate and decorative detail was made of pure gold. Also on display were priestly robes fashioned according to biblical standards using the same fabric, weave and colors designated by ancient Jewish custom. Over the bust hung a breast plate with 12 beautiful gemstones representing the 12 tribes of Israel. Inside one case there were three golden crowns studded with more precious gemstones. When our Temple Institute tour guide was asked why three crowns? She replied these were three representations of what the scholars believe the priestly crowns looked like but it had not yet been decided which was the more historically accurate.

 

Other display cases included a large pitch fork for tending the coals on the altar of sacrifice and an ornate coal shovel. Another featured an elaborate ritual hand wash basin with spouts and a golden incense chalice. The incense chalice holds half a portion (approx. 200 grams) of the incense offering. The chalice is carried into the sanctuary of the Temple to the golden incense altar. Upon entering the sanctuary, the priest sounds the little bell which is situated on the top of the chalice cover. In the same display case where the priestly garb and crowns were displayed was a stunningly crafted incense altar covered in gold. I have never laid eyes on so much gold in one place before. It was quite stunning. My favorites were the two ornate shofars covered with decorative silver bands.

 

The walls of this particular room were adorned with several paintings depicting scenes of worship at the Temple. There were distinct differences between the artist’s renderings and when asked about it our guide said one painting depicted an image of the Second Temple and the other was representative of the Third Temple yet to be built. Among places to visit, the Institute is a must see for anyone visiting Jerusalem. 

 

The tour includes a comprehensive explanation of all the Temple instruments you’ll see when there. In the room where most of the instruments were displayed we sat down and listened to our host describe the function and traditional purpose of each instrument. She asked for a strong armed volunteer for part of her presentation. I looked around and it seemed my group was reluctant of any willing participant so I lifted my hand and agreed to assist. She told me I would be acting as a human Menorah for this part of her presentation. As I stood to her side in front of our group, she began to stack replicated parts of the heavy golden pieces that attach to the top of each one of seven stems where an oil lamp is placed. I was not as strong as I thought and I quickly needed two hands just to hold three pieces up. Renée got some real good pictures I hope to use in my planned power point presentation I’ll be building for the Nicholas Scrolls. In another room was a beautiful scale model using real marble, woods and gold depicting what the Third Temple will look like. It too was inside a glass case and was easy to photograph for future website considerations. It would seem the people of the Temple Institute are all prepared excepting for the needed space atop the Mount for a Jewish Temple because of the Muslim Dome’s location. It remains to be seen how that will happen. Until then we are left to only speculate the timing and manner this prophecy will be fulfilled.

 

On our way to board our bus we walked outside the Old City’s walls seeing the Lion’s Gate and the very ornate Damascus Gate. We also spent a little time outside the city’s walls to walk along the remnant ruins of what remain of the City of David. We took pictures and waited for our bus to arrive to return to our hotel. Hela indicated that we would have to wake up an hour earlier than normal to meet the next day’s itinerary. After dinner and some relaxation in our room, we retired early for the evening.

 

The Western Wall and Tunnels

 

After an early breakfast we boarded our bus for a short drive to the Western Wall which was formerly called the “Wailing Wall.” Located below the Temple Mount, it is the only place where Jews can gain close access to the temple grounds as the Temple Mount itself is tightly controlled by the Muslim Wakf. This is due to the site being a part of the Muslim quarter and where their shrine, the “Dome of the Rock” is situated.

 

One of the most photographed Jewish sites in Jerusalem and regarded by many to be sacred, the Wall has a continuous presence of devout Jews, men and women standing and praying for everything from personal family needs to world peace and the promised coming of the Messiah. Prayers are often written on a small piece of paper and inserted in between the cracks and crevices of the ancient stone monument. A large plaza is situated in front of the Wall where tourists and residents intermingle criss-crossing each others paths. To the right as you stand facing the Wall, an area is sectioned off for women to approach the Wall and offer their prayers. Men enter an area to the left side and are separated from the women. Both men and women are required to put on a “head covering” to enter and offer prayer and supplication.

 

The requirement for a head covering caused me some concern with regards to New Testament faith, prayer and application. On my 2006 tour, Rita Williams accompanied me and Larry Spargimino from Southwest Church Radio was also on this trip to assist Noah Hutchings during the tour. On both trips when we were told that men must wear a head covering to go and pray at the Wall, bells rang in my head remembering this was an improper requirement for Christians. In 2006, when a large number of the men from our group went to line up to go pray and the women likewise, I stood with Rita in the center of the plaza, opened up the scriptures to I Corinthians and publicly with a loud voice, began to exhort from the scriptures the following… 1 Corinthians 11:1-4 Be ye followers of me, even as I also am of Christ. Now I praise you, brethren, that ye remember me in all things, and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you.  But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God. Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered, dishonors his head.” As I was speaking, a few of the women from our group gathered with us on the plaza and listened to me exhort further on obedience to these commandments being as a service to our Lord and a form of worship to Him in Spirit and truth. A few others not from our group also stood near to hear what the messenger was speaking.

 

Even so, the men all hurried over in ignorance thinking such a precept coming from Paul was not relevant to Christians. After Larry Spargimino came away from the Wall to wait our gathering tour members Rita and I approached him with a few women following and questioned him why these men were not warned what our New Testament scriptures say of this and why this was always so easily overlooked by many mainstream church groups. I quoted the same scriptures to him and cited the necessity for God-fearing obedience to them. Larry acknowledged I made a good point but confessed he did not think this was such a big deal and suggested the subject matter was confusing because of the following references made to women and their hair being a natural covering.

 

On this tour in 2008, I thought I’d be more proactive this time and asked permission from Hela and Noah if I could address our group of this often overlooked citation before disembarking our bus. They agreed and handed me the microphone but I sensed a bit of tension in the air as I gave remembrance to this passage and reminded the men especially, that they should show courage and honor and not compromise for the sake of doing as the Jews do. Since there were two or three Church Pastors along with us on this trip I was curious to see if the message would be received and honored by them.

 

Renée and I stood in the plaza with half our group as the other half went in with Hela to tour the underground tunnel along the Western Wall. I noticed a few men did take heed and decided to wait in the plaza area rather than go to the Wall to pray. My dear friend, Francis Pickering came to me and congratulated me on standing like a prophet to exhort an unpopular truth. As we waited we took photographs and watched the Pastors cover their heads and go to the Wall to pray. One of them approached me later and said that he agreed with me in principle but did not think this act was a very egregious sin. I agreed with him but replied the conviction upon my heart was strong compelling me to obey.

1 John 2:29 “If ye know that he is righteous, ye know that every one also that doeth righteousness is begotten of him.”

1 John 3:7 “My little children, let no man lead you astray: he that doeth righteousness is righteous, even as he is righteous:”

 

Though we are not yet without sin, the gospels are designed to compel and urge believers to practice righteousness thereby being righteous in the eyes of God through the redeeming shed blood of Christ. To simply excuse one’s sin nature without attempting to overcome it and thereby justifying his/her desire or action is to give into temptation of the flesh rather than employ God’s grace to overcome it. The internal struggle within ourselves is that when we are battling against our selfish desires, we will oftentimes ignore the prompting of God’s Holy Spirit; this is sin.

 

What amazes me is when conflict is present and God uses another human vessel to speak a timely “Word” or warning, how often that “Word” is so easily dismissed and not even understood to be of God’s timing and will. In my broad experience I have found that those who think they know God all the time (especially church Pastors) are generally the first to dismiss another man’s spoken “Word” especially if that man is not of the acknowledged clergy class. Additionally, recognizing prophets and messengers today is rare among mainstream Christian clergy. True prophets don’t carry specialized ID cards or wear name tags and neither do they begin an introduction with, “I am a prophet.” No, they simply respond according to the Holy Spirit’s unction and timing and sometimes are not aware until after the fact that that they have been used by God for just such an occasion. Too many professing Christians today cannot see beyond their own reflection in a mirror thus missing out on edifying encounters designed by God to build up His true Church.

 

 Matthew 13:57 “And they were offended in him. But Jesus said unto them, “A prophet is not without honor, save in his own country, and in his own house.”

 

It was my half of the group’s turn to go below ground and tour the tunnels alongside the Western Wall. As we entered, a man handed me a head covering. In jest, I put mine on and Renée quickly snatches it off my head saying, “You’re not wearing that papa!” Meandering through an underground maze and ducking low under small archways we listened to Hela tell us that after the 1967 Six Day War, the Old City of Jerusalem was liberated and the Ministry of religious affairs undertook the task of clearing the Western Wall plaza area. Part of this project included efforts to remove tons of dirt and refuse by hand along the Western wall’s perimeter exposing magnificent underground structures comprising a continuous chain wrought in stone stretching from the Hasmonean era to modern day. The excavations revealed the entire length of the Wall extending 488 meters in length.

 

Among the many structures was a road from the Second Temple period, a Hasmonian water tunnel, pool and other rooms and public hallways with arches. Here, we were walking through time touching stones that were witness to the Kings and prophets that once walked these pathways. Before the First Temple was built, this was the Mount where Abraham was ordered by God to offer his beloved son as a sacrifice and God seeing Abraham’s obedience, said, “Lift not your hand against the youth…” and provided a ram for sacrifice in the thicket nearby. So much history dating back so many thousands of years it is no wonder that these grounds are regarded to be so sacred by Jews and Christians alike. These courses of building stones have long been witness to King David, Solomon, Ezra, Nehemiah, the Maccabees and Sages. Just being here evokes one into silent prayer and thanksgiving for all the history that led to the witness of God in the flesh, having been sent to redeem us of our sinful nature.

 

We stopped at the face of the wall to marvel at the largest known hewn foundation stone to exist in Israel. An impressive Herodian stone measuring over 44 feet in length by 11 feet high and an estimated 11-14 feet in width. This building stone is said to weigh 628 tons! Now that’s what I call a foundation stone. It lies along the “Master Course” which is comprised of the largest stones in the wall’s construction. The stones in this course stand an average 10 feet high and serve to stabilize a vault below.

 

The differing heights of exposed wall show differently styled foundation stones giving clues to what period they were laid. The lower courses of foundation stones below these larger ones come from the Second Temple period. Lighted view ports at intervals along the walkway allow one to peer downwards at the oldest stones dating back to the First Temple period. The stones located above the “Master Course” were laid when the walls of the temple mount enclosure were rebuilt after its destruction, probably during the Moslem period.

 

Part of the passage we walked through was known as the “Large Hall,” a subterranean structure consisting of four interlocking vaults built in either the Ayyubid or Mamluk periods (13th or 14th century AD) as a substructure to support the buildings above. Here, we stopped to watch a computerized-mechanical model presentation of what the Temple Mount looked like during different periods of time while noting our relative physical location to the site. Further down the path we passed the sealed off Warrens Gate,” one of four original entrance gates from the Western Wall to the Temple Mount from the Second Temple period. During the early Moslem period (638-1099 AD), the internal space of the gate passage served as a Jewish synagogue for devotees because of its proximity to the Holy of Holies and was called, the “Cave” because of its location under the Temple Mount. Behind the sealed gate today, the passage serves as a large cistern collecting water for visitors to the Temple Mount.

 

Nearby was an alcove where women covered in scarves were offering their prayers. This spot is opposite of a large “Foundation Stone” believed to be the traditional site from which the world was created and which became the Holy of Holies. We passed a medieval cistern and walked into a larger cistern from the Hasmonean period. The cistern which had to remain open to the sky to collect rainwater had large elevated stones on its perimeter which served as an ancient guardrail to keep passer-bys from falling in. Part of our path was a street surface dating back to the Second Temple period and a portion of a quarry was exposed showing evidence that this is where stones were cut and extracted to build the wall.

Time did not permit us to walk the entire length of the tunnels but to see the extent of differing construction methods used through periods of time was fascinating to say the least. Had we continued, we would have walked under the place where Herod had built the Antonia Fortress on the north end of the Temple Mount. The passages are narrow and winding exposing portions of bedrock and ancient archways which supported above structures. A portion of the tunnels were from the Hasmonean period designed to deliver water to the Temple and at one spot was evidence of a dam believed to have been built by Herod’s engineers to stop the flow of water through the tunnels. An impressive ancient moat that protected the Antonia Fortress from the north is also visible. This moat is over 164’ in width and somewhere between 394-656’ long from east to west. The moat was quarried in order to separate the bedrock base of the Antonia from the continuation of the northern ridge. Herod quarried an additional section of the moat forming a large pool. The pool was given the Greek name “Struthion” meaning “lark” or “sparrow” and was fed by the northern section of the tunnel which remains in tact. The Emperor Hadrian later turned the area above the large moat into a market place forum by constructing two vaults above the pool.

 

Psalms 122:2 “Our feet stood poised at thy gates, O Jerusalem.”

 

Touching the Essence of Life

 

Every one of us is equal at the Western Wall. At the Wall, Jewish feelings begin to surface, often for the first time, without our knowing how and why.

 

This essential experience is both deep and mysterious: touching the stones of this still- standing ancient wall; identifying with the nation, the heritage and the essence of life. Thoughts and feelings become clear at the Western Wall, in their true proportions. Here is the place where lament and joy, despair and hope unite.

 

Looking at the Western Wall, perspectives and points of view sharpen; the truly insignificant shrinks. These stones which observe beyond time and place have seen it all, have breathed war and seen peace, experience calamity and promise revival. Time does not stand still at the Wall. On the contrary, it flows constantly from past and present into the future.

 

Everything is inscribed and embedded in these stones: all that they have gathered and absorbed throughout the generations, from those who clung to the Wall as they prayed and from those who yearn from afar.

 

The one who wishes to learn from them, to feel and understand, shall come to Jerusalem, to the Western Wall.

 

Courtesy

of the

Western Wall Heritage Foundation

 

After exiting the tunnels we came back out to the plaza and we all stood in line together hoping to visit the Temple Mount area where the golden Dome of the Rock sits. Hela warned us if the Muslim Wakf allowed us entry they might confiscate our bibles or any other Judeo-Christian items we might have on our person. While waiting in line for approximately 45 minutes we were entreated by two parades of festive Jews dancing, drumming and blowing their shofars. The parade participants were all dressed in colorful gowns, caps and head coverings. It turned out that these were Bar mitzvahs; a celebration for a young boy who has entered the age of manhood. The music and chants were quite joyous and all had smiling faces. After nearly an hour in line we were told that because our group was so large we would not be allowed to enter. It is quite typical that Jews and Christians have difficulty entering onto the site and Media is almost never allowed as Muslim security is very strict. So from there we headed off to the pools of Bethesda.

 

Pool of Bethesda

 

Here, the ruins are quite large. As we entered the grounds we saw what I would describe as a terraced building structure that was quite deep with tall columns and archways reaching toward the sky. The pools no longer exist as the bottom is now dry earth but in the time of Christ this was the place of an active geo-thermo spring which is not uncommon in the Middle East as much of the area lies in ancient volcanic formations. I speculate that the geo-thermo springs probably dried up after a major earthquake probably about the 7th century AD. This is the site that Jesus first visited on one of his excursions into Jerusalem healing a man on the Sabbath Day.

 

John 5:1-3 “After this there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches.  In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water.” The five porches mentioned here are likely what I described above as terraces which are still evident today.

 

The scriptures record that an angel would visit at certain times and stir the waters which were believed to give healing to the lame that gathered near. A certain man who was crippled for 38 years could never get his-self into the waters in time as others would pass him by leaving him lay helpless. Now when Jesus saw the man He had compassion on him. John 5:4-9 “For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had. And a certain man was there, which had an infirmity thirty and eight years. When Jesus saw him lie, and knew that he had been now a long time in that case, he saith unto him, “Wilt thou be made whole?” The impotent man answered him, Sir, I have no man, when the water is troubled, to put me into the pool: but while I am coming, another step down before me. Jesus saith unto him, “Rise, take up thy bed, and walk.” And immediately the man was made whole, and took up his bed, and walked: and on the same day was the Sabbath.”

 

This became one of the contentions that some Jews held against Jesus but Jesus did not tell the man at first who had healed him. The man was caught carrying his bed on the Sabbath which according to Jewish Law was unlawful to do. John 5:10-13 “The Jews therefore said unto him that was cured, “It is the Sabbath day: it is not lawful for thee to carry thy bed.” He answered them, He that made me whole, the same said unto me, Take up thy bed, and walk. Then they asked him, “What man is that which said unto thee, Take up thy bed, and walk?” And he that was healed did not know who it was: for Jesus had conveyed himself away, a multitude being in that place.”

 

A little later Jesus saw the man telling others in the Temple of this great miracle the stranger had performed on him. Jesus approached him and knowing what had caused his infirmity, Jesus gave him warning. John 5:14-16 “Afterward Jesus found him in the temple, and said unto him, “Behold, thou art made whole: sin no more, lest a worse thing come unto thee.” The man departed, and told the Jews that it was Jesus, which had made him whole. And therefore did the Jews persecute Jesus, and sought to slay him, because he had done these things on the Sabbath day.”

 

Later when Jesus was defending His self from these harsh accusations about healing on the Sabbath He cited other meaningful works which were permitted by them to make a point. Luke 13:15 “But the Lord answered him, and said, “Ye hypocrites, doth not each one of you on the Sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?” And thus Jesus became for us the Lord of Sabbath excusing us to attend to necessary good works even when we are practicing a Sabbath Day. But this is more a Christian practice than a Jewish custom. Luke 6:5 “And he said unto them, “The Son of man is lord of the Sabbath.”

 

After taking a bunch of photos of these spectacular ruins and touring down inside another large cistern we headed for the Notre Dame De Sion Ecce Homo Convent, the place where Jesus was scourged and mocked by the Roman soldiers.

 

Ecce Homo – “Behold the Man”

 

John 19:5 “Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man!”

 

This area under the care of the Sisters of Notre Dame of Zion is located right next to the huge cistern known as the “Struthion” which is located at the far end of the Western Wall tunnel mentioned above. We again had to go underground to walk the same Roman paving stones that Jesus once walked on. There were a few glass cases along the way displaying a number of stone and pottery jars and bowls along with half a dozen different ceramic oil lamps from the 1st century AD. One of these cases had also displayed a large fish fossil which delighted my senses though such a fossil had no real significant religious value (I’m an avid fossil collector). On the floor were other interesting artifacts found in the area including among them a cistern cover dated 135 AD. Its shape was much like the conical stones used as “manhole covers” are used today on city streets. Its conical shape is what keeps the stone from falling through into the cistern or aqueduct below.

The underground Praetorium’s surface was made of polished Roman paving stones covering the entire court yard. Etched into several of the paving stones were what scholars believe to be Roman games. The etchings reminded me of the different games we would outline on the sidewalks or playground with chalk when we were kids. At least nine of the paving stones had etchings on their surface. It is hard to describe here what all the symbols represented but among them was the Star of David. A sign on the wall reads: “Games incised into the pavement remind us of Christ’s sufferings at the hands of the soldiers”

 

Mark 15:16-20 “And the soldiers led him away into the hall, called Praetorium; and they call together the whole band.  And they clothed him with purple, and platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head, and began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews! And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him. And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own clothes on him, and led him out to crucify him.”

 

It is believed by scholars that the games etched on these paving stones might be related to the cruel games the Roman soldiers played when mocking Jesus. Since the days of the Crusaders, Christian tradition has held this place to mark the beginning of the Via Dolorosa; the trail of significant events that occurred leading to Christ’s crucifixion. The Roman pavement here was laid by Hadrian above the vault of the cistern (Struthion). Hadrian is also credited with renaming Jerusalem “Aelia Capitolina” after rebuilding the city from its Roman ruin in 135 AD. It is said that the paving stones used here came from the destroyed fortress of Antonia which came down in 70 AD. Hadrian also erected a Triple Arch with the largest arch spanning the width of the Via Dolorosa. The Arches serve as a gateway to that place where Jesus began the final leg of His earthbound mission. The basilica located here was built in 1918 AD and named, “Basilica of the Crowning of Thornes” by Leon VIII.

 

Isaiah 53:5 “But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.”

 

Leaving the Basilica we casually walked down a number of Jerusalem city streets passing the Muslim quarter capturing a photo of a man smoking his hookah with signs behind him promoting Palestine. We passed through the Armenian quarter which featured wonderful gift shops selling some of Israel’s precious antiquities. One store displayed a set of rusty roman swords and a pair of spears, nice but too rich for my budget. Then on to the oldest Protestant Church in Israel, “Christ’s Church,” which had pretty grounds, nice gardens and was relatively quiet. We paused for beverage refreshment at Christ’s
Church and then walked to the Tower of David, an impressive fortress structure fortified by the crusaders. After a few photos we departed the Old City through the Jaffa Gate and caught our bus for a trip to Bethlehem. Bethlehem is less than 30 kilometers from Jerusalem and lies behind the fortified walls of the West Bank. Upon arriving, we had to change busses and have passports ready for inspection before entry.

 

Bethlehem

 

A fairly crowded city built on a hill and under Palestinian authority. There is about 5% of the Palestinian population that are Christian and the rest Muslim. We would make only two stops; the place of Christ’s birth shared by three Churches and a popular jewelry gift shop that the tour guides will always take you to take advantage of the competitive prices.

 

The Church grounds were massive with a large outdoor plaza called, “Manger Square” that fills up with thousands of celebrants during the Christmas holiday festivities. Despite what the traditional Holiday décor suggests, the place that Jesus was actually born in was a cave. The church site is honeycombed with underground caves and under the altar is one particular cave called the grotto where it is believed that Mary gave birth to baby Jesus. The manger that Jesus would have been laid in was a watering trough typically used to feed livestock.

 

Still evident today in certain parts of the Middle East, shepherd folk often lived in cave formations and would also winter inside these caves with their livestock kept indoors. The livestock actually provided a source of heat and were generally partitioned off from the general living quarters inside the caves. It was just such an “Inn” that Jesus was born as there were no other suitable places for Mary and Joseph to rest.

 

  Luke 2:4-7 “And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, unto the city of David, which is called Bethlehem; (because he was of the house and lineage of David:) To be taxed with Mary his espoused wife, being great with child.  And so it was, that, while they were there, the days were accomplished that she should be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger; because there was no room for them in the inn.”

 

Entrance to the Church was through the “Door of Humility,” so called because one has to stoop very low to get inside. Once inside you see very old gothic style architecture with supporting columns provided by different religious dignitaries from differing nations. Much of the furniture, chandeliers and ornate décor added to the church’s religious atmosphere. The first Church structure commemorating this site as the birth place of Christ was built here by Helena, mother of Rome’s first Christian Emperor, Constantine the First. Beneath the existing floor structure is the first floor that belonged to the Church Temple that Helena had built. Part of the flooring has been taken up to expose a beautiful Byzantine mosaic with vibrant colors, patterns and designs but absent of religious figures seen in later century Church constructs. It was then and in my opinion still should be considered idolatrous to incorporate human images of past saints, angels and God into art forms. “Make no graven image.” This floor was made up only of intricate geometric patterns and flowers and with the exception of a few damaged areas; the mosaic had a stunning quality to it. Its colors were as vibrant as the era in which it was constructed.

 

It is generally accepted by most of the world’s Christians that this church indeed marks the cave site where Jesus would have been born. Apart from its religious flamboyance, this site and the ancient architecture offers a great deal of artistic and historic relevance.

On my 2006 tour, when we were headed to the gift store, Palestinian children were playing on the street with toy guns much like we would have done when we were kids. When our bus passed these children playing war games they all picked up rocks and started pelting the bus as though we were not welcome. There is always some danger and risk when visiting behind the west Bank’s walls but staying within large groups like ours provides extra protection. A good rule of thumb is not to wander off on your own.

 

After about an hour and one half of shopping looking at all the potential gift items and selecting a few for my other children, we hopped on board our bus to head back to our hotel in Jerusalem. The Palestinian bus stops just outside the security gate, drops us off to board our Israeli tour bus and returns us to the Olive Tree Hotel. As I was disembarking the bus I asked our driver, Moshe, if he could recommend a good night club in town for me to take my daughter Renée out for the evening. He passes me a piece of paper with his cell phone number on it and the name, Dublin.”   

 

The Dublin

 

After dinner we showered and relaxed a bit before heading out on the town. Renée had just turned 21 a couple weeks before our trip to Israel and I thought it would be nice to treat her for a night out on the town. The taxi ride was only about 12 minutes away and when we arrived, I was a little shocked by the club’s popularity and how crowded it was. I took Renée’s hand and we meandered through the crowd looking for a potential table or seats. The crowd was so thick that you literally had to squeeze yourself between the mass of patrons on the floor. It was definitely standing room only. The music was popular dance rock and all of the patrons were of the younger set about the same age range as my daughter. Many of the pretty young Israeli women were dancing right where they stood and though people were constantly moving around the floor it seemed like they were going no where finding no place to sit and relax.

 

I finally spotted a couple of bar stools on an upper deck above the main floor and Renée and I quickly navigated through the swarm to catch a table. The place was filled with smoke, beautiful women, dancing and drinking. Instead of a relaxing night out on the town our little excursion became more of an evening of observation studying the social habits of Israel’s younger generation. After ordering our first drink and seeing how long it took to get them delivered I immediately ordered two more for each of us and some French fries knowing by the time I got them my glass would be empty. We stayed out till about 2 am satisfied that I at least could say my daughter and I partied with the Jews while in Jerusalem one night.

 END

Part Eight

 

With all Sincerity and love for the truth and my scattered brethren abroad,

 

Nicholas A. Stivers – a God-fearing disciple, scribe and messenger                                                                  

http://nicholas-scrolls.com and http://cephasministry.com                                                                                                                           

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